سائمن کمیشن کی تشکیل اور قائداعظم محمد علی جناح کا موقف - ایک تاریخی جائزہ اور تحقیقی جائزہ

Abstract

After establishing its rule over the Indian subcontinent, the British Crown formally began enacting laws. These laws were initially implemented for ten years. After each decade, new laws were introduced by amending the previous ones, considering the political, economic, and geographical conditions of the subcontinent. While the British government took into account the requests of the Indian population, it ultimately modified the laws as it deemed fit.

After World War II, as global circumstances began to change, the British Crown had already implemented the Government of India Act of 1919. This act can be considered an experimental one. Contrary to the advice given jointly by Hindus and Muslims, the British introduced the system of Diarchy, a dual governance model. Both Hindus and Muslims had serious reservations about this system, and it was difficult for anyone to fully comprehend its implications.

In light of the conditions during World War II, the British government, under the chairmanship of Lord Simon, formed a commission. However, the composition of this commission was entirely British, meaning no Indian representative was included. This exclusion led to strong opposition from Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Congress. The report of this commission was eventually published by the Delhi Printing Press in 1930. The first volume of this report provided an in-depth analysis of the political, economic, and social conditions of India.

Although the commission was primarily intended to review the existing act, its report turned out to be a significant document. However, Jinnah and Congress viewed it as an attempt to humiliate and degrade Indians.