From Light to Darkness

The Role of Pride, Despair, and Moral Responsibility in the Human Journey Towards God

Abstract

This article delves into the themes of divine light, darkness, and the role of evil in human society as portrayed in Islamic thought. It begins with the premise that God is the source of light that brings humanity from darkness into an ordered, fear-free, and grief-free existence. However, those tempted by self-aggrandizement and the pursuit of everlasting dominion are driven into mutual hostility and despair, a condition rooted in the dark force of “Shaitaniya” (Satanism). The text explores how “Shaitan” (Satan) symbolizes one who has alienated himself from God’s mercy and light, while “Iblis,” characterized by despair and alienation, becomes a central figure in opposition to divine evolution and progress.

The discussion moves to the concept of pride and its destructive impact on human society, as embodied by Iblis, who rejects divine guidance, exalting his own self above God’s plan. This rejection is framed as a rebellion against the natural evolution toward light, as Iblis clings to the principle of genesis, denying the transformative potential of creation. The article contrasts Iblis’ self-deception with the role of the angels and God’s messengers, who embody the transition from darkness to light, living in harmony with divine will.

Through an analysis of moral responsibility and the covenant between humanity and God, the article underscores the destructive power of pride and despair, both of which are central to Shaitan’s influence on human history. It highlights the Quranic perspective on personal and collective responsibility, rejecting elitism and emphasizing that every individual is accountable for their deeds. This accountability leads to the ultimate reckoning in the “appointed Hour,” a time of collective judgment when all actions are brought to light.

The article concludes by discussing the Islamic vision of moral law, which transcends causality through refuge in God. It emphasizes that while humanity may falter due to evil inclinations, divine mercy offers redemption to those who seek it, underscoring the importance of good deeds, responsibility, and the pursuit of light in overcoming the darkness of despair.