Allama Iqbal’s Vision

Reconciling Religion, Science, and Modern Thought

Abstract

In this comprehensive discussion, Allama Iqbal emphasizes the pivotal role of religion as a guiding force for both the inner and outer aspects of human life, distinguishing it from philosophy and science, which address only limited aspects of existence. He argues that while philosophy and science seek to understand religious truths, they cannot supersede religion’s broader scope, which encompasses emotions, intellect, will, and more. As modern scientific knowledge advances, Iqbal calls for a fresh re-examination of religious truths to ensure harmony between religion and contemporary thought. He discusses the challenge posed by materialism and anti-religious trends, particularly the influence of Western ideologies and Communist Russia on Muslim thought. Iqbal urges a reformulation of Islamic theological ideas to meet the intellectual demands of modern times while warning against being overawed by Western progress. He stresses the need for Muslims to return to the Qur’an’s comprehensive vision of the universe, which integrates both spiritual and material realities, to revive Islamic thought and present Islam as a universal message for humanity. Allama Iqbal’s insights advocate for a deeper engagement with both religious and empirical knowledge to ensure that Islam remains a dynamic and guiding force in modern civilization.