Exploring Consciousness

Integrating Physics, Neurophysiology, and Iqbal’s Insights into Self and Religious Experience

Abstract

This article aims to develop a unified theory of ego (consciousness, mind, and self), synthesizing insights from metaphysics, neurophysiology, and modern science. Building upon discussions of Iqbal’s philosophy, especially his exploration of religious experience and self-discovery, the article explores the structural and functional aspects of the brain, specifically the Prefrontal Integration Modules (PIMs). These modules integrate sensory and motor information and play a crucial role in consciousness and behavior regulation. The article delves into recent advances in neurophysiology and examines how the PIMs contribute to sensory processing, motor actions, memory, and decision-making. Drawing from the works of prominent figures like Eccles and Popper, the article compares dualistic and monistic approaches to consciousness. Eccles’ dualistic theory of interaction between an immaterial self and the material brain is highlighted, along with the concept of a self-field acting probabilistically on brain functions. These ideas are critically compared with Iqbal’s philosophical framework, emphasizing the intersection of metaphysical insights and neurophysiological findings. The article also discusses recent advances in consciousness studies, including theories that relate quantum mechanics to the emergence of consciousness. Notable thinkers like Penrose and Bohm offer perspectives on quantum indeterminism and its connection to the brain’s processes. Ultimately, the article seeks to align Iqbal’s vision of the self and consciousness with emerging scientific discoveries, highlighting the ongoing relevance of metaphysical considerations in understanding human consciousness.